<p>The Broadway–Phelps Park Historic District is located in Decorah, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. The original boundaries of the historic district is composed of seven blocks of a residential area and the city&#39;s oldest park. It is located on a prominent hill in the heart of Decorah. Contributing properties include five churches, three government buildings , a museum, brick kiln, a carriage house, and 36 private residences. Contributing sites include the city park square and the river bluff. The historic buildings were built from the 1850s to the early 1900s. Most of the structures are two or more stories, and were built in limestone, sandstone, or brick. The Ellsworth-Porter House is individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2022, the historic district boundaries were increased to include two more properties.</p><br>
<p>The William Hoopes House is a historic house located at 204 North Liberty Street in Vermont, Illinois. William Hoopes, a local wagon maker, brickworks owner, and Civil War veteran, had the house built for his family in 1898. Local carpenter William Myers built the house in a T-plan, a vernacular type defined by its T-shaped cross gabled roof and floor plan. The house also includes several Queen Anne decorative elements, such as the smaller gable inside its front gable, its three-sided bay window, and its front porch with ornamental spindlework.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 1996.</p><br>
<p>The William Colburn House is a historic house at 91 Bennoch Road in Orono, Maine. It was built about 1780 by William Colburn, one of the areas first white settlers, and is one of the few 18th-century houses surviving in Maines central interior. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The William Colburn House is located north of Orono&#39;s downtown, on the west side of Bennoch Road (Maine State Route 16), between Noyes and Winterhaven Drives. It is set on a terrace above the road, and would at one time have had views of the Stillwater River. The house is a -story Cape style wood-frame structure, five bays wide, with a side gable roof, two interior brick chimneys, clapboard siding, and a granite foundation. The center bay contains an unusually wide doorway, that includes flanking sidelight windows and a fanlight. The interior of the house retains original woodwork and finishes, include wide pine floors, wainscoting, and a large kitchen fireplace with crane and builtin ovens.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1780 by William Colburn, who first arrived in the area in 1774 with his father Jeremiah. They fled the area at the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1775, and returned in 1780, at which time they built two houses. One of them was destroyed by fire. This house is believed to be one of the oldest surviving 18th-century houses at such a great distance from the coast of Maine.</p><br>
<p>Wallabout Historic District is a national historic district located in the Wallabout neighborhood of Brooklyn, Kings County, New York. The district encompasses 203 contributing buildings in a mixed residential and commercial / industrial section of Brooklyn. The district features noteworthy examples of Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, Queen Anne, Beaux-Arts, and Colonial Revival style architecture. It largely developed between about 1830 and 1880, with some later development. It includes vernacular wood houses, masonry single-family rowhouses in brick and brownstone, and multi-family tenements and flat houses.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>Wallabout Industrial Historic District is a national historic district located in the Wallabout neighborhood of Brooklyn, Kings County, New York. The district encompasses 43 contributing buildings and 3 contributing sites in an industrial section of Brooklyn. The district developed in the late-19th and early-20th century and features noteworthy examples of Romanesque Revival style architecture. The buildings are largely constructed of brick, bluestone, and brownstone with limestone, terra cotta, and cast iron elements. The district includes the Rockwood & Company chocolate factory complex previously listed as part of the Rockwood Chocolate Factory Historic District. A number of the buildings have been adapted for residential and commercial uses.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>The Henry Klotz Sr. House is a historic house of Henry W. Klotz Sr. on First Street in Russell, Arkansas. It is a single story wood-frame structure with a broad gabled roof and recessed porch. It was built in 1921 from prefabricated parts ordered by Henry Klotz from Sears, Roebuck. It is one of White County&#39;s few examples of a catalog mail-order house. The house does not match any known catalog entry by the company, suggesting that either Klotz or the builder made alterations on site.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Capt. Larned House is a historic house on Arkansas Highway 157, near its junction with Moss Drive north of Judsonia, Arkansas. It is a two-story L-shaped wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof, weatherboard siding, and a foundation of stone, concrete, and brick piers. It is a vernacular expression of Queen Anne styling, with turned posts and scrolled brackets on its porches. Built about 1905, it is one of the Judsonia area&#39;s finer examples of the style.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Lattimer House is a historic house at Oak and Market Streets in Searcy, Arkansas. It is a two-story wood-frame structure, with a hip roof, and a variety of projecting gables and porches typical of the Queen Anne style. The upper level is clad in diamond-cut wooden shingles. A wraparound porch on the ground floor has delicately turned posts and balusters, while a projecting second-story porch has a heavier Stick-style balustrade and cornice. The house was built about 1895, and is one of Searcy&#39;s finest examples of the Queen Anne style.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The Hiram Palmer House is a historic house located at 703 East Fort Street in Farmington, Illinois. Hiram and Philynder Palmer built the house in 1851–52 but sold it the year it was completed. In 1856, the house was purchased by Riley Bristol, a local pharmacist and founder of Farmingtons First Congregational Church; Bristol lived in the house until 1882. The house has a Greek Revival design, a nationally popular stylistic choice in the first half of the nineteenth century. The wraparound front porch is supported by Tuscan columns. The houses low hip roof features a plain frieze and cornice at the roof line and is topped by a lantern with a cornice and pediment. The house&#39;s interior features decorative Greek Revival woodwork, including carved door and window moldings, ornamental panels by the windows, and a fireplace mantel supported by pilasters.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 20, 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Nelson F. Beckwith House is a historic house located at 179 East Huron Street in Berlin, Wisconsin, United States. It was added to the State Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>Nelson F. Beckwith was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and also owned the Beckwith House Hotel.</p><br>
<p>Home of the Llewellyn J. Walker family from 1944, this Italianate house has 12 foot ceilings, front and back stairs, and bonus rooms over the kitchen. A two-story center entrance hall with curving staircase opens on one side to a large dining room with bay and on the other side to a 35 foot long living room, with a bay deep enough for couches and table. Both rooms have marble fireplaces surmounted by large mirrors and every room is ringed with deep cove moldings. The windows are floor to ceiling French doors which open in.</p><br>
<p>Next to the living room is a library with built in bookshelves and desk, and behind the dining room are the large eat-in kitchen, a play room or home office, a back hall, and a powder room. Upstairs are three very large bedrooms and a bathroom which opens into a back hall and two rooms for storage space or bedrooms. In earlier years, these were maids’ rooms. Off them, there is a back stairway. From the street, one can see the cupola and widow&#39;s walk. The curving front drive is brick, and the house is partially surrounded by a brick and wrought iron fence. The cement back driveway ends at the double garage.</p><br>
<p>Described as “one of the most imposing houses in the city” in “Early Houses In Berlin, Wisconsin and the People who Lived in Them ” by Lu Gillette published in 1976, this property Is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built by an early settler of what was then “Strong’s Landing” in 1857 in the Italianate style, the house sits on a double wide lot next to the public park on Huron Street in the city of Berlin, Green Lake County, Wisconsin. Berlin is not only an historic town on the Fox River which was part of the passageway from Green Bay to the Mississippi River followed by explorers such as Marquette and Joliet, but this area was also home to the Mascoutin tribe of Native Americans.</p><br>
<p>Llewellyn Walker founded the Walker Agency, an independent insurance agency in Berlin in 1940. His son, Jeffrey William Walker took over when Llewellyn retired, and in 2018 the agency was headed by Jeffs son, Gregory William Walker in partnership with his son, Matthew. Llewellyn and Virginias daughter, Diana Walker Nelson was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives from 1970 - 74.</p><br>
<p>Kismet Temple, also known as the Kismet Mosque and Friendship Baptist Church, is a historic meeting hall located in the Bedford–Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn, Kings County, New York. It was built in 1909–1910 as the "Kismet Temple" of the Ancient Arabic Order of the Mystic Shrine, commonly referred to as "Shriners". It was designed by R. Thomas Short in the Eclectic Moorish Revival style. Its front facade is constructed of yellow brick and limestone-like glazed terra cotta trim with elaborate Moorish decoration. The building was sold to Friendship Baptist Church in 1966. It is thought to be the oldest Shriners mosque still intact.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p><br>
<p>Nassau Brewing Company, also known as the Budweiser Brewing Company of Brooklyn and Bedford Brewery, is a historic brewery apartment complex located in the Crown Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, Kings County, New York. It consists of two remaining</p><br>
<p>industrial buildings dating from the 1860s to the 1880s and are in the Rundbogenstil and Romanesque Revival style. The brick buildings are two to six stories and form an "L"-shape. The buildings feature substantial underground brick vaults originally constructed for the aging of lager beer at near-freezing temperatures. The brewery closed in 1916. The earlier sections are vacant and the 1880s elements were rehabilitated as apartments and offices in the 2000s.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.</p><br>
<p>Its owners declared bankruptcy in 2021.</p><br>
<p>Dushinsky’s Rabsky Group won a bankruptcy auction to buy the Nassau Brewing redevelopment at 945 Bergen Street with a bid of $18.8 million, according to court records and sources familiar with the sale.</p><br>
<h2>Apartment Complex Bankruptcy History</h2><br>
<p>In 2014, Fabian Friedland’s Brooklyn-based Crow Hill Development, bought the building at 945 Bergen Street and a neighboring property at 1036 Dean Street for $17.5 million.</p><br>
<p>In 2016, Churchill Real Estate invested $5 million.</p><br>
<p>In July 2021, Churchill removed Friedland as manager and put the project into bankruptcy.</p><br>
<p>In 2024, Dushinsky’s Rabsky Group won a bankruptcy auction to buy the Nassau Brewing redevelopment at 945 Bergen Street for $18.8 million.</p><br>
<p>Crown Heights North Historic District is a national historic district located in the Crown Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, Kings County, New York. The district encompasses 1,019 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of Brooklyn. The district features noteworthy examples of Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, Queen Anne, Romanesque Revival, Renaissance Revival, Beaux-Arts, and Colonial Revival style architecture. It largely developed between about 1853 and 1942, and consists of densely constructed rowhouses, townhouses, two-family houses, semi-attached houses, freestanding houses, flats, apartment buildings, and institutional and commercial buildings.</p><br>
<p>Notable buildings include the former Union League Club Building (c. 1889), Union United Methodist Church (1889–1891), Brooklyn Methodist Episcopal Church Home (1889, 1913), Bedford Central Presbyterian Church (1897, 1906), Hebron French Speaking Seventh Day Adventist Church (1909), St. Gregory the Great Roman Catholic Church (1915–1916), and the former Kings County Savings Bank (1929–1930).</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. Two years later, its boundaries were expanded to take in 600 more buildings, including some associated with Shirley Chisholm, the first African-American woman elected to Congress.</p><br>
<p>Mary A. Whalen, known as the S.T. Kiddoo from 1938 to 1958, is a historic oil tanker located in the Red Hook neighborhood of Brooklyn, Kings County, New York. She is the home of the non-profit PortSide NewYork, and the group runs programs aboard her. She was built in 1938 by the John J. Mathis Company, of Camden, New Jersey Hull #124, and measures 172 feet long. She is a rare surviving example of a "bell boat," a ship controlled from the engine room with telegraph signals sent from the bridge. The tanker shipped various fuel products along East Coast and was at center of United States v. Reliable Transfer Co., a pivotal 1975 Supreme Court decision in maritime law after she ran aground in Rockaway Inlet in 1968. She was in active service until 1994.</p><br>
<p>She was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>The James R. Talbot House is a historic house at 509 Main Street  in East Machias, Maine. Built in 1874, it is one of the finest examples of the Second Empire style in eastern Washington County. It now houses The Talbot House Inn, a bed and breakfast establishment. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Talbot House is located on the west side of US 1 in East Machias, just south of its junction with Maine State Route 191. It is a three-story wood-frame structure, with a mansard roof and clapboard siding. The steep portion of the mansard roof is finished in wood shingles, and is studded with round-arch dormers. The cornice is modillioned, and the building corners are pilastered. The main facade is three bays wide, with a center entrance sheltered by an elaborate flat-roof porch. Windows are framed by decorative bracketed and gabled surrounds. The windows flanking the main entrance are narrow tripled sash, with a similar doubled French door above the entrance. Other windows are more conventionally sized sash, although projecting sections on the sides have narrow windows on the sides.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1874 for James Talbot, one of the area&#39;s leading lumber manufacturers and shipbuilders. It was designed by Portland architect James A. Tenney, and is the only one of his Second Empire designs in Washington County (of three known) to survive.</p><br>
<p>Isom Place is located at 1003 Jefferson Avenue in Oxford, Mississippi and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The earliest version of the structure was a two or three bedroom cabin, but by 1840 Isom used the cabin as a core for the current home.</p><br>
<p>At the age of thirty in 1856 Isom married Sarah McGehee of Abbeville, South Carolina. Lore reports that McGehee brought a shoot of a magnolia tree from South Carolina and planted it in the front yard of Isom Place; it is not known if the tree remains standing. Their daughter, Sarah McGehee Isom, would be born in the 1850s in this house and become the first female faculty member at the nearby University of Mississippi and the first female faculty member at a coeducational institution of higher education in the Southeast United States.</p><br>
<p>The Scott Farm Historic District encompasses a historic farm property at 707 Kipling Road in Dummerston, Vermont. Developed between about 1850 and 1915, Scott Farm is a well-preserved farm and orchard complex of that period. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Scott Farm is set on more than 570 acre of rolling hills in southeastern Dummerston, a rural community in southeastern Vermont. The main farmstead is located on the southwest side of Kipling Road, consisting of a c. 1850 house along with a cluster of agricultural outbuildings, now mostly concerned with the production and processing of apples. Most of the farmstead buildings date to the between about 1911 and 1967. Just south of the complex are three ponds, impounded by concrete dams built about 1909 and renovated in 1975. Remote buildings on the property include another farmhouse (c. 1845) on the west side of Dutton Farm Road, and two early 20th-century cottages.</p><br>
<p>Portions of the land that makes up Scott Farm were probably cleared in the early 19th century, and used at subsistence levels. In 1845 Rufus Scott purchased the land that now makes up the core of the farm, building the Greek Revival farmhouse about 1850, and the Cow Barn in 1862. He operated a dairy farm at first, gradually diversifying the operation to include other activities. Apple trees were planted on the property by 1870, with forty trees producing fruit in 1880. Scotts farm was purchased in 1908 by Francis Holbrook II, a Boston lawyer, who proceeded to develop the farm as an apple orchard. He purchased the adjacent Dutton Farm in 1913. In 1995 Holbrooks heirs gave the farm to the Landmark Trust USA, a preservation organization that also owns nearby Naulakha, Rudyard Kipling&#39;s home.</p><br>
<p>Scott Farm hosts The Stone Trust, a non profit dedicated to preserving traditional dry stone walling techniques.</p><br>
<p>The orchard has over 100 different apple varieties.</p><br>
<p>The Laws-Jarvis House is a historic house at 409 North Main Street in Beebe, Arkansas. It is a single-story wood-frame structure, with a weatherboard exterior and brick foundation. Its original form, as built about 1880, featured an L-shaped layout, with central entrance gabled porch supported by slender columns with plain capitals, and windows with pedimented lintels. It has since been altered by an addition to the rear, giving its roof an overall hip shape. The house is one of White County&#39;s surviving 19th-century houses.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Harvey Lea House was a historic house on Russell Mountain Road , just north of Russell, Arkansas. It was a -story wood-frame structure, with a side-gable roof and weatherboard siding. The roof gables had exposed rafter ends and large brackets in the Craftsman style, and a recessed porch supported by square posts. A gabled dormer projected from the front roof face. The house, built about 1925, was one of Russell&#39;s finest examples of Craftsman architecture.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. It has been marked as destroyed in the Arkansas Historic Preservation Program database.</p><br>
<p>The Leggett House is a historic house in rural northern White County, Arkansas. It is located on the north side of Arkansas Highway 124, about 0.5 mi east of the crossroads hamlet of Little Red. It is a single story structure, built out of horizontal wooden planking, nailed to 4x4 posts at the corners. It is topped by a gable roof and set on stone piers. A box-construction addition extends to the east, and a shed roof porch extends across the southern facade. The house, built about 1870, is the only known plank-framed house in the county.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The First Presbyterian Church of Newtown is a historic Presbyterian church in the Elmhurst neighborhood of Queens in New York City. The church complex is composed of the main church, a parish hall, and a manse. The current complex at 54th Avenue, between Seabury Street and Queens Boulevard, is the fifth church complex built for the congregation.</p><br>
<p>The congregation was founded in 1652 and was originally housed in a building that it shared with other congregations. In 1669, the town of Newtown (later Elmhurst) erected a new building for the churches. The congregation became part of the Presbyterian Church in 1715 and built a structure that was demolished during the American Revolutionary War. A second building, called the Old White Church, was erected in 1791 and remained standing until 1928. The congregation moved to its current building when it was completed in 1895. The manse was built in 1907. Both the church building and manse were moved in 1924 when Queens Boulevard was widened, and the parish hall was built in 1931.</p><br>
<p>The current church building is a Late Gothic Revival style, granite and brownstone church with a steep slate gable roof. It features three large pointed arched windows and an 85 ft square bell tower. The parish hall is a Collegiate Gothic-style brick building with a slate roof. The manse is a -story frame residence. The church complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Initial buildings (c. 1652–1715)</h3><br>
<p>Elmhurst was established in 1652 as the town of Middleburgh, an outpost of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam. The town&#39;s leaders had intended it to be a religiously diverse settlement. Use of this building was shared by various religious denominations: the Church of England, the Dutch Reformed Church, the Presbyterians, and the Quakers. After the English gained control of New Amsterdam in 1665, they renamed Middleburgh to "Newtown&quot</p><br>
<p>In 1669, the town planned to build a new church for all of these denominations on a "small gore of land" near Grand Avenue and Queens Boulevard, donated by Ralph Hunt, a prominent citizen of the town. According to the town records, the new building was to cost forty pounds, half in corn and half in cattle. The building was enlarged by contractors John Coe and Content Titus in 1694. The next year, Newtown purchased a house and 12 acre from Samuel Coe for use as a parsonage.</p><br>
<p>The Church of England became the Province of New Yorks official religion after the passage of the Ministry Act of 1693. Subsequently, the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts (SPG) became responsible for appointing the parishs Anglican rectors, who generally served multiple congregations at the time.</p><br>
<h3>Separate building (1715–1776)</h3><br>
<p>On September 15, 1715, the congregation applied for membership in the Presbyterian Church. The congregation was admitted to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and at the time, had eight members in full communion. In 1717, the congregation united with others in Jamaica and Setauket to form the Long Island Presbytery.</p><br>
<p>Jonathan Fish, a parishioner, had deeded land near the present church site to the "dissenting Presbyterian congregation of Newtown" so the congregation could replace its dilapidated church building. A church building was erected, though it was not completed until 1741; it had a spire with a bell suspended at the top.</p><br>
<p>At the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1775, most of Newtowns inhabitants were Loyalists who sided with the British. The Presbyterian Church of Newtown, like many other American Presbyterian congregations of the time, were Patriots who sympathized with American independence. The church created a "Committee of Correspondence" to communicate with the Continental Congress. A copy of the United States Declaration of Independence was read on the church steps in 1776, some days after independence was declared on July 4. Following the Battle of Long Island in August 1776, Newtown was occupied by the British, and public worship at the church was suspended. Several young Loyalists sawed off the churchs steeple in the middle of the night. The British removed the pews and converted the church building into a jail. To insult the Presbyterians, the British left the pulpit in the street as a horse-hitching post. Records show that some of the timber was sold for $250.</p><br>
<h3>Old White Church (1791–1928)</h3><br>
<p>Only five of the original congregants remained in Newtown after the war; the others had been captured or killed, or had fled Newtown. The Reformed Church of Newtown let the Presbyterians use their building for the time being.</p><br>
<p>The First Presbyterian Church of Newtown was legally incorporated in 1784. A new church building was erected under the ministry of the Rev. Peter Fish, who became stated supply pastor in 1785. The cornerstone was laid in 1787, and the new church was dedicated in 1791. At this time, a bell made by Gerit Bakker was placed in the belfry. This remodeling involved replacing the square-back pews and the windows.</p><br>
<p>This building continued to be occupied by the congregation until 1895. The cemetery continued to accept burials until 1906. The Old White Church&#39;s manse was relocated to 53rd Avenue and Seabury Street, a block northwest of the current church, apparently in the mid-1920s. The Old White Church burned in 1928 when the belfry caught fire, presumably following a lightning strike.</p><br>
<h3>Current church (1895–present)</h3><br>
<h4>Construction and early years</h4><br>
<p>John Goldsmith Payntar, a wealthy merchant from Newtown and a member of the Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church, died in August 1891. In his will, he left $65,000 for the construction of a new church building. Payntar stipulated that the building be "an exact copy" of Cherry Valley&#39;s Presbyterian Church in Cherry Valley, which Payntar had "greatly admired". Construction started on the building in July 1893, and it was dedicated in May 1895. The congregation erected another building east of the bell tower, which was used by the Christian Endeavor organization as a meeting hall. The pastor at the time, the Rev. Jacob Mallmann, resigned five months afterward as a result of a dispute over the maintenance of the new church building.</p><br>
<p>During the late 1890s, Newtown was renamed Elmhurst and became part of the City of Greater New York. Elmhurst started being developed as a commercial and residential neighborhood. The Brooklyn Daily Eagle reported that the congregation grew by 104 members from 1896 to its 250th anniversary in 1902. The church&#39;s trustees agreed to build a new manse in 1905, and it was completed by 1907. The church paid Collins $200, likely in conjunction with designing the manse, which ultimately cost $5,000.</p><br>
<h4>Relocation and later history</h4><br>
<p>Queens Boulevard was developed in the early 20th century, incorporating the former Hoffman Boulevard and connecting Elmhurst to the Queensboro Bridge to Manhattan. The city government formed a commission in 1912 to expropriate land and compensate property owners. In the First Presbyterian Church of Newtown&#39;s case, the city offered to either buy and raze the church building or pay the congregation $35,000 for relocation; the congregation chose the latter.</p><br>
<p>The agreement was made in 1917, but no action was taken until 1922. Walter Kidde and Company were hired to move the church on rollers at a cost of $87,000. Beginning in February 1924 and continuing until late that year, the current 3,000 ST church was moved 125 ft south. The 1907 manse was also relocated to Seabury Street and 54th Avenue, behind the church building. The steeple was taken down and the stones stored for later reassembly, though this never happened. The Christian Endeavor building was demolished because the congregation hoped to build a larger social hall.</p><br>
<p>In 1930, the churchs chapel was condemned for the construction of the Independent Subway Systems Queens Boulevard Line, whose Grand Avenue–Newtown station contained an entrance directly outside the church. The church hired Meyer & Mathieu to design a new parish house, which was built by Charles R. Krieg Inc. in 1931 at a cost of $75,000. At the time, it was the church&#39;s only debt in its 283-year history, and the church celebrated by burning the mortgage papers. Commercial developers offered the church a $1,000,000 offer for its building in 1951, but the offer was rejected. The following year, USA president Harry S. Truman sent a message to the church for its 300th anniversary.</p><br>
<p>The old church cemeterys land was sold in 1958; the corpses were disinterred and moved to the Cemetery of the Evergreens. By the early 1980s, Elmhurst was becoming increasingly populated by immigrants, and the First Presbyterian Church of Newtown had parishioners who had immigrated from 40 countries. Despite this, the churchs then-pastor, the Rev. Charles Sorg, continued to conduct services entirely in English, saying that this would unite immigrants with a single language and "enable people to accommodate themselves into the American scene". To celebrate the church&#39;s 350th anniversary in 2003, the congregation planted two trees of Newtown Pippins, a type of apple that had first been grown in a nearby orchard in the 17th or 18th century. The church was deemed eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 2012,</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The church complex is oriented northeast to southwest along the southeastern side of 54th Avenue between Seabury Street and Queens Boulevard. The main facade of the church faces Queens Boulevard to the northeast, outside the entrance to the New York City Subways Grand Avenue–Newtown station. The manse, a -story frame residence, faces Seabury Street to the southwest. A parish hall is at the churchs rear, facing southwest.</p><br>
<h3>Church</h3><br>
<p>The present church building was designed by Frank A. Collins and built in 1895. It was intended as a replica of Cherry Valley, New Yorks English Gothic style Presbyterian Church. The church building is a stone structure measuring 86 by. It has a facade of gray granite with specks of ashlar, as well as brick. There are quoins made of brownstone on all of the buildings corners, as well as a string course between the windows of the northwestern facade (which faces 54th Avenue).</p><br>
<h4>Exterior</h4><br>
<p>The main entrance contains a central arched doorway. Brownstone jambs on either side of the door rise to a pointed brownstone pediment. On this surround are the words "Payntar Memorial", after John Goldsmith Payntar. The church building has stained glass windows designed by the partnership of Benjamin Sellers and William J. Ashley, although a single window was commissioned from A. Passage. The main facade facing Queens Boulevard shows the Ascension of Jesus, with a smaller window to either side.</p><br>
<p>The northwestern elevation contains windows that look into the aisle of the nave, as well as the clerestory windows above them. There are five bays; each of these bays has one pointed arch on the lower section of the facade, which are all surrounded with brownstone, and three windows on the clerestory level. A pointed arch with a recessed wooden door is on the left (northern) side.</p><br>
<p>Projecting 13 ft from the eastern corner of the church is a square tower 85 ft high and 17 ft wide. It contains buttresses with brownstone quoins at each corner. Originally the church building had a "great stone" spire reaching 146 ft. However, it was disassembled when the church was moved in 1924.</p><br>
<h4>Interior</h4><br>
<p>Inside, the walls are made of plaster with wooden wainscoting and trusses, while the floors are made of wood. At the gallery, there are two doors leading to the balcony, where there are three full-width rows of pews. Within a recess are three smaller rows, illuminated by the three stained-glass windows along the main facade.</p><br>
<p>A rectangular nave takes up much of the space in the church building. The nave contains 16 rows of pews, split by a center aisle. There is a chancel and choir loft in the back (southwest side) of the nave. This chancel includes a wooden platform with a wooden altar, screen, four chairs, and lectern. A marble baptismal font and wooden pulpit are also in the chancel.</p><br>
<p>The interior also contains a choir room in the basement.</p><br>
<h3>Manse</h3><br>
<p>The manse, which dates from 1907, is a nine-room, -story L-shaped house along Seabury Street to the southwest, near the corner with 54th Avenue. It serves as the pastor&#39;s residence. As originally built, the manse had a main entrance with Ionic-style pilasters and a portico with a pediment. A porch with columns ran around the manse, and there was a keystone above the rounded dormer window on the main facade. The porch was removed sometime between 1923 and 1925. The facade is clad with green wooden siding with several windows on all four sides; the northeast and southwest elevations contain double- and triple-width windows, while the northwest and southeast elevations contain only single-width windows. The northeast elevation contains a small foyer. It is topped by a hip roof, with a brick chimney above the center and a dormer window projecting above the second floor on the southwest and southeast sides.</p><br>
<p>The interior has wood trimmings and neoclassical decorative detail.</p><br>
<h3>Parish house</h3><br>
<p>The parish house, also called the social hall, is a two-story Collegiate Gothic-style building erected in 1931 by Charles R. Krieg Inc.</p><br>
<p>A vestibule, accessed from the main entrance, connects to the parish house&#39;s upper story. The upper floor contains a communal space with stage and basketball court, which could be used as an auditorium or a gymnasium, and there is a kitchen beside the stage. The lower story has six classrooms, a kitchen, a "church parlor" with a fireplace and beamed ceiling, locker rooms, and restrooms. These facilities are used for clubs, Sunday school classes, and other activities at the church.</p><br>
<h2>List of pastors</h2><br>
<p>John Moore (1652–1657)</p><br>
<p>William Leverich (1662–1677)</p><br>
<p>Morgan Jones (1680–1686)</p><br>
<p>John Morse (1694–1700)</p><br>
<p>Robert Breck (1701–1704)</p><br>
<p>Samuel Pumroy (1708–1744)</p><br>
<p>George McNish Jr. (1744–1746), stated supply pastor</p><br>
<p>Simon Horton (1746–1773)</p><br>
<p>Andrew Bay (1773–1775), stated supply pastor</p><br>
<p>James Lyon (1783–1785), stated supply pastor</p><br>
<p>Peter Fish (1785–1788), stated supply pastor</p><br>
<p>Elihu Palmer (1788–1789), stated supply pastor</p><br>
<p>Nathan Woodhull (1790–1810)</p><br>
<p>Peter Fish (1810)</p><br>
<p>William Boardman (1810–1818)</p><br>
<p>John Goldsmith (1818–1854)</p><br>
<p>John P. Knox (1855–1882)</p><br>
<p>George H. Payson (1882–1889)</p><br>
<p>Jacob E. Mallmann (1890–1894)</p><br>
<p>William H. Hendrickson (1896–1906)</p><br>
<p>David Yule (1906–1910)</p><br>
<p>George H. Feltus (1911–1917)</p><br>
<p>Howard A. Northacker (1919–1960)</p><br>
<p>Joseph F. Quick (1961–1964)</p><br>
<p>Albert F. W. Marcus (1964)</p><br>
<p>J. Renwick Jackson, Jr. (1964–1965), interim pastor</p><br>
<p>Charles L. Sorg (1965–1992)</p><br>
<p>Patricia Ann Warren Davies (1993–1996), interim pastor</p><br>
<p>Stanley J. Jenkins (1996–2011)</p><br>
<p>Louis L. Knowles (2012–2015), interim pastor</p><br>
<p>Anette I. Westermark (2015–2018)</p><br>
<p>Grace Bowen (2019–2020), interim pastor</p><br>
<p>St. Matthias Church is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in the Ridgewood neighborhood of Queens County, New York, in the Diocese of Brooklyn.</p><br>
<p>Its historic buildings include the parish church, completed in 1926, an Italian Renaissance Revival style, brick, stone, and terra cotta church with a gable roof which features a three-stage bell tower at the projecting center bay and Corinthian order columns. Also on the property are the contributing four-story rectory (1910), school (1909, 1913, 1950), and convent (1914). The entire complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Charles Edward McDonnell, Bishop of Brooklyn, created the parish on May 2, 1908, appointing Rev. Nicholas M. Wagner as first pastor. In September, Wagner negotiated the purchase of 20 lots on Elm Avenue (now Catalpa Avenue), and construction of the original church was underway by March, a building now used by the parochial school.</p><br>
<p>After World War I, fundraising and construction for a larger structure began, with the basement church completed in 1919. The cornerstone of the current church was laid October 5, 1924, and the building was completed in 1926.</p><br>
<p>Rockaway Courthouse is a historic courthouse located in the Rockaway Beach neighborhood of Queens County, New York. It was built in 1931, and is a three-story plus basement, steel frame and limestone, V-shaped building in the Classical Revival style. It consists of a tall central core with flanking courtroom wings. The front facade features an ornate Greek style entrance portico. It served as a local Municipal and Magistrate&#39;s Court and was last used as a civic building in 1962.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. Today the building is being reconstructed as a medical center.</p><br>
<p>The Charles Spangenberg Farmstead is a historic farm in Woodbury, Minnesota, United States, established in 1869. The three oldest buildings, including an 1871 farmhouse, were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 for having local significance in the theme of agriculture. The property was nominated for being one of Washington County&#39;s few remaining 19th-century farmsteads.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Charles Spangenbergs farm originally constituted 160 acre. The farm buildings are clustered together on a 4 acre lot on top of a knoll. Only the three oldest buildings date to Spangenbergs occupancy: the farmhouse, a barn, and a granary. The house was constructed of limestone in 1871. It has three stories plus a walkout basement, having been built into a slope. At their base the walls are 24 in thick and taper to 18 in.</p><br>
<p>The two-story granary was constructed around 1875. A larger barn for the Spangenbergs&#39; horses and dairy cattle was built around 1887. Both are timber-framed structures with board-and-batten siding, on limestone foundations. The barn was also built into a slope, providing walk-in access both to the level for livestock and the level for hay storage.</p><br>
<p>Additional farm structures were constructed in the first half of the 20th century, including a chicken coop, ice house, wind-powered water pump, milk house, privy, and smoke house. As of 2015 a pump house built around 1925 and a steel silo constructed in 1940 still stood on the property.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Charles Spangenberg was an early pioneer of the Woodbury area and acquired title to 160 acre in 1869. With his brother Frederick he began building a house, quarrying limestone from bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River and hauling it with a team of horses and a stone-boat. Charles and his family lived in the house&#39;s foundation until construction was complete in 1871.</p><br>
<p>The Spangenbergs mostly grew potatoes and grain, the usual produce of the area&#39;s farms. The property remained in the family until 1901, when it was sold to the Czikalla family. They built a number of additional structures and shifted primarily to dairy farming.</p><br>
<p>The property stayed in the Czikalla family for over a century, changing hands for only the third time when it was put up for auction in 2008. The new owners have been gradually restoring the historic wing of the house, as well as expanding the Czikallas&#39; more recent additions.</p><br>
<p>The Verden Separate School is a historic school building at 315 East Ada Sipuel Avenue in Chickasha, Oklahoma. A modest wood-frame gable-roofed one-room district schoolhouse that now serves as a local museum, it was built about 1915 on a farm on the outskirts of Verden. It served as a school for Verden&#39;s African American students under the separate but equal doctrine, which in Oklahoma resulted in the mandated creation of "separate schools" for whichever racial group was in the minority in a given district or region. It was used as a school until 1935, when its student population was consolidated into the Chickasha schools. It was then used as a farm outbuilding until the early 2000s, when it was rescued from demolition, moved to its present location, and restored. It is the only known surviving separate school in Grady County, and one of a few left in southwestern Oklahoma.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>Sohmer and Company Piano Factory is a historic piano factory located in the Astoria neighborhood of Queens, New York City. It was built in 1886 by Sohmer & Co., and is a six-story, L-shaped, Rundbogenstil / Romanesque Revival style brick building. The corner features a clock tower with a copper trimmed mansard roof. The building was expanded about 1906–1907. It was converted to residential usage starting in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The building was designated as a New York City individual landmark in 2007 for its role in the history of New York City&#39;s piano manufacturing industry. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Hugo Sohmer, founder of Sohmer & Co., relocated his manufacturing premises from 149 East 14th Street in 1886 after building a new building on the Astoria coast of the East River. The company was moved to be closer to better shipping facilities and in order to be more accessible for the labor force in charge of operating the production. He had founded the company few years earlier in 1872 together with his partner Joseph Kuder from Vienna, who was also a former Steinway and Sons employee. The new building of Sohmer & Co. was designed by Berger & Baylies architecture firm. Entering in piano building business in NY in the end of 19th century was not a hard thing to do as there were many skilled emigrants coming from Europe (mostly Germany) and the demand for the instrument was growing fast. The building was expanded by Baylies & Co. architecture firm in 1906–07. In 1925, the factory was an impressive 210,000 square feet piece of property and the company employed 275 people who were responsible for producing 2,500 pianos a year. The company was family owned and operated for much of its existence; the Sohmer family had nearly 70 years of combined experience in the piano business. Their products included a grand piano, uprights, and a player piano, but their uprights were specifically admired for having a more powerful sound than competing pianos on the market. Additionally, the Sohmer Grands came in four sizes: Concert, Parlor, Baby, and Cupid. The factory was highly regarded because of its state of the art facilities and equipment. In the time of the Great Depression parts of the building were leased out to other manufacturers. However, the company survived the Great Depression, but after the collapse of piano industry, Sohmer&#39;s production rates fell. By 1960, the factory had an assessed value of $255,000 and a heavily decreased labor force of 120 people. The factory maintained production in its Astoria factory until 1982 when the grand son of Hugo Sohmer sold the company to Pratt-Read company - producers of piano pieces and furniture. The plant was then relocated to Ivoryton, Connecticut, and the building sold to Adirondack Chair Company. Between 2007 and 2013, the building was converted for residential use with new penthouse additions above the sixth floor. Currently Sohmer pianos are produced in Korea. Several photographs of the factory have been made available online by the Queens Public Library, including a view from 1945 from across the East River.</p><br>
<h3>Piano building tradition in New York</h3><br>
<p>There were almost no pianos in the US until 1771 when Thomas Jefferson required a forte piano ordered to him from Europe. That triggered larger trend among wealthy Americans to purchase the instrument. In less than 10 years there were already few local piano manufacturers in Philadelphia and New York. However pianos remained rare instruments and as estimated in 1790s there were only 26 pianos in Boston all of which were made in London. In the first third of the 18th century Boston was leading American piano manufacturing center, but it was soon outraced by Philadelphia, nearly followed by New York. By the 1840s New York started to gain its national importance as center of culture and commerce. But only after the wave of German immigrants who arrived in 1850s the city became leading piano building center in America. The most notable German immigrant probably was Heinrich E. Steinweg (later he changed his name to Steinway and his name became the synonym to the instrument). Among them also Hugo Sohmer arrived in the US in 1863. In these years piano building took off in New York. Soon piano was the second most household appliance after kitchen.</p><br>
<p>In the turn of the century piano experienced boom age. It was an important household part of a middle class Americans. There was a widespread belief that it helped to "cultivate the women" of its age. Consequently, it was played by mostly females. In 1870 there were 1 piano in every 1540 Americans, but in 1910 there were already 1 piano in every 252 Americans. This shows the great development speed of the industry. New York was by far the greatest piano building center in the US with ~170 of total 270 US piano factories located there. However, by 1924 the industry fell apart mostly due wide spreading of much cheaper and smaller radios. Radio industry rose from around 190 000 in 1923 to almost 5 million in 1929. In the same time American piano industry shrank from 160 to 36. Nowadays there is only one major piano factory in NYC - Steinway and Sons and several antique piano restoration workshops.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>This building is one of the most prominent in the coast of Astoria on the East River. The building is specially distinguished by its mansard roofed clock tower over the top of its impressive scale. Designed by Berger & Baylies architecture firm this 6 story L-shaped factory building was a typical wealthy factory of New York&#39; s piano manufacturing scene. It is built in red bricks and designed in German Romanesque Revival Style or Rundbogenstil. Characteristic to this style was the usage of curved edges and surfaces on the roof. Thus segmentally-arched brick lintels. Band courses surmount the first, second and fifth floors.</p><br>
<p>This factory building is one of the few surviving factories in Queens. It represents many characteristics of 19th century factory building, typically to the age these principles were always rooted in functionality and practical needs. According to architecture historian Betsy Hunter Bradly "the aesthetic bases of American Industrial building design was an ideal of beauty based on function, utility and process".</p><br>
<p>Basic characteristics of Sohmer factory - its narrow width and L-shaped plan was due to the need for natural light as the factory was built before the advent of electric lighting. The need for good light for the interior dictated the narrow shape of the floor plan, but the land plot size did not let to build it in I-shaped formation. thus L-shape was chosen. Often factory buildings were in I, L, U, H, E configurations. Flat roofs were also a practical need for a factory. They were mostly used after 1860s. It was due to the fire safety. Flat roofs let to eliminate the attic space - a place that could get dusty and easily catch on fire. Bricks were used for factory walls because they were the most fire resistant material. Brick work decorations was a popular method of livening up large wall surfaces - displaying dogtoothing, recessed panels, channeling, pilasters, corbelling were among most popular forms of decorative brickwork.</p><br>
<p>Positioning the building on the edge of the street let the owners of the factory preserve larger back side space away from public eyes, thus buildings well organized and regular facade was the only public face of the company. The physical aesthetics played important role in marketing the company. Factorys image was used on letterheads, catalogs, business directories and in advertisements. Typically they were birds eye views of the factory with smoke coming out of the chimneys thus rendering image of energy, dynamics and organization of the work.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s prominent location on the river front also served as an attraction of new customers. It was seen from long distances, even from across the East River. As the Sohmers were producing product for popular consumption it was important that his factory was seen by as many people as possible, thus this location served not only as a display for inhabitants of Manhattan, but also those who passed by on the boats. The building served excellent as an eye catcher because of its scale and proportions. But the most focal point of the building of course remained the clock tower elevating above the 2 wings of the factory. This clock tower remains the most significant feature of the building. It is also most elaborately decorated part of the building. Mansard roof with curved dome is covered with decorations expressing this as the most focal part of the building. From the corner side the building was seen the best thus architects have chosen to express this part of it the most. For factories usually most decorated parts were entrances and clock towers.</p><br>
<p>The clock towers had their roots in cupolas of New England Mills. Clocks organized the daily lives of local community. It was long before the affordable watch had made its first appearance, when need for strictly organized daily rhythm was established. By late nineteenth century clock was one of the main tool to organize the daily lives of New Yorkers. Living synchronized was becoming a necessity. They delivered this function to the network of public clock towers, factory whistles and bells. But clock tower was more than that. it was also a fire sealed staircase for factory that prevented the fires to spread vertically in the building. Thus tower was not only aesthetically most prominent place in the factory, but also most socially important and functional one.</p><br>
<h2>Architects</h2><br>
<p>The architecture firm in their short existence run by Bruno W. Berger and Franklin Baylies designed many commercial and residential buildings around New York. Bruno W. Berger had previously worked with several other partners, whereas Franklin Baylies had just started his career. The firm was established in the beginning of 1880s, but exact year is unknown. That includes several warehouses and store-and-loft buildings in Tribeca and around its historical district. Firm mostly designed in neo-Grec style, thus the Rundbogenstil Sohmer piano factory building was unusual for them. However, it was their largest assignment. In 1890 both architects established their own practices and Berger & Baylies ceased to exist. It is believed that the extension of Sohmer factory in 1906-7 was assigned to Franklin Baylies&#39; firm.</p><br>
<p>Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Lodge Number 878  is a historic Elks lodge on Queens Boulevard in the Elmhurst neighborhood of Queens in New York City. The -story Italian Renaissance-style main building and two-story annex were both built in 1923–1924 and designed by the Ballinger Company. A three-story rear addition was added in 1930.</p><br>
<p>The building is made of granite, limestone, and brick. It features a granite-block terrace with granite balustrade, limestone arched entrance, and an elaborate cornice made of architectural terracotta. Lodge 878 was once was the largest such lodge in the Eastern United States, with 28 inn rooms, bowling alleys, game rooms, ladies and gentlemens lounges, and a 60 ft bar. A statue of an elk is outside the Queens Boulevard entrance.</p><br>
<p>From its completion in 1924 until the late 20th century, Lodge 878 was extremely influential in Queens politics, with up to 6,600 members in the 1960s. The members were mostly white and male. In the late 20th century, Lodge 878 saw declining membership amid Queens&#39; changing demographics, and the building was rented out for other events. The Elks sold its main building to New Life Fellowship Church in 2001, but it continues to meet in the annex as the Brooklyn Queensborough Elks Lodge. The building is a New York City Designated Landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks Lodge 878 building was designed by the Ballinger Company in the Italian Renaissance Revival style. It is composed of the -story main building at 82-10 Queens Boulevard; a two-story annex to the east at 82-20 Queens Boulevard; and a three-story rear addition to the south of the main building. Elks Lodge 878 occupies a land lot on the south side of Queens Boulevard, between Simonson and Goldsmith Streets. The main building is on the western side of the block, nearer Simonson Street. The lodges annex is on the east side of the block toward Goldsmith Street, while the rear addition faces south in the direction of Grand Avenue. The lodge and annex each occupy one land lot, but they only take up half of their respective lots, with the remainder being used as parking areas. An electronic sign is at the western end of the block, at the corner of Queens Boulevard and Simonson Street.</p><br>
<p>At the time of Lodge 878s construction, the architecture of fraternal organizations buildings varied drastically. Many lodges built at the time were designed as freestanding structures that acted as monuments, and Elks Lodge 878 was one such example, being highly visible from Queens Boulevard. Lodge 878 had amenities such as a swimming pool, banquet hall, gym, bowling alley, lodge room, and residential suites for members; it once had a barber shop and restaurant as well. Decorations related to the Elks are prevalent inside, including elk reliefs on the building&#39;s doorknobs.</p><br>
<h3>Main building</h3><br>
<p>The main building is three and a half stories, with a raised basement. It has a U-shaped floor plan. The structure measures 75 by, with the longer side facing Simonson Street.</p><br>
<h4>Facade</h4><br>
<p>The facade consists of granite at its base, rusticated limestone on the first floor, and brick with limestone ornament on the upper floors. The main elevation on Queens Boulevard, facing north, consists of five bays, while the elevations to the west and east contain seven bays. Outside the main buildings northern elevation is a set of stairs leading to broad terrace with a balustrade. A bronze elk statue is on a pedestal in the middle of the staircase. According to one legend about the building, Elks Lodge 878 members would squeeze the elks testicles for good luck before they entered.</p><br>
<p>On the first story, in the center bay of the northern elevation, is the main entrance arch, which contains a double door and a semicircular window, and is topped by an elaborate keystone. The arch is flanked by a pair of Doric-style engaged columns, which support a frieze with the text.</p><br>
<p>The second and third stories and the attic are clad with buff brick and contain casement windows. On the original building, but not its rear addition, the second-floor windows are set beneath curved architraves, with balustrades at the bottom of each opening. Similarly, the original building&#39;s third-floor window openings are topped by scrolled keystones and set beneath carved limestone panels. The rear addition contains a simple brick facade on the upper stories with rectangular windows. A small cornice separates the third floor from the attic, which contains wide carved limestone panels flanking each of the narrow windows. A larger, more extensively decorated terracotta cornice runs above the attic. The eastern elevation has a fire escape.</p><br>
<p>The rear addition&#39;s southern elevation is an undecorated brick facade with segmental-arched first floor window and rectangular second- and third-floor windows, as well as a handicap-accessible entrance. A flagpole and brick elevator room are atop the roof, while a brick chimney stack is at the southeast corner of the rear addition.</p><br>
<h4>Features</h4><br>
<p>The basement had a grill room with a 60 ft bar and a six-lane bowling alley. Also in the basement were lockers, restrooms, and a barber shop. The bowling alley was subsequently converted to a multipurpose room, while the rest of the basement was reconfigured with classrooms. It has a terrazzo floor, wooden wainscoting, wooden ceiling beams, and wood-sash casement windows with red stained glass. The basement is accessed by a stair from the first floor with wooden wainscoted walls and brass railings.</p><br>
<p>The first floor has a vestibule inside the main entrance, which contains limestone walls with wood trim. The vestibule leads to a first-floor lobby measuring 22 by. It has plaster ceilings, wood-trimmed limestone walls, and terrazzo floors. There are two rooms, one to each side, which served as the mens and womens lounges; they have bronze chandeliers, parquet wooden floors, and decorative fireplace mantels. Other rooms extend from the lobby; on the east, there are stairs leading up and down, as well as an elevator bank. In the back (south) was a dining room measuring 24 by, a ticket office, a coat room, restrooms, and a kitchen. The dining room still exists and has checkerboard terrazzo floors, square piers, and bas reliefs. The interior of the rear addition has a health center. The first floor was available for non-members to use as well.</p><br>
<p>The second and third floors contained offices and game rooms. The common area of the second floor has wood-trimmed plaster walls, parquet wooden floors, and wooden ceiling beams. The southern section has the former lodge room (doubling as an auditorium and used as a church room), while the northern section has offices. Inside the lodge room is a 3-rank, 9-manual Wurlitzer organ manufactured in 1924. The third floor is furnished similarly to the second floor, and has balconies overlooking the lodge room, with stationary wooden seats. In the rear addition, there are classrooms and offices.</p><br>
<p>The attic contained 28 suites for members to rent. These were arranged as six double-bedroom suites and 22 single-bedroom suites, with connecting bathrooms between pairs of suites. The suites were available to members for a monthly fee; The New York Times reported in 1995 that this fee was $220. The suites were on the east and west sides of the main building, and lined a T-shaped corridor.</p><br>
<h3>Annex</h3><br>
<p>The annex is clad with stucco and contains recessed arches with small rectangular windows inside each arch. The main entrance is on Goldsmith Street along the eastern elevation and contains three pairs of doors. A one-story western extension contains a side entrance to Queens Boulevard. A modillioned metal cornice runs atop the annex.</p><br>
<p>The annex originally contained the swimming pool on the first floor and a gym in the mezzanine, The first floor was converted into a multipurpose room that could be used as a bar, dining room, or handball court. The mezzanine floor is smaller than the first floor and has a conference room and an office. The interior has wooden floors and sheet-rock partitions.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Planning and construction</h3><br>
<p>During the late 1890s, the former town of Newtown was renamed Elmhurst and became part of the City of Greater New York. Elmhurst subsequently became developed as a commercial and residential neighborhood, with the arrival of the New York City Subway and Long Island Rail Road, Prior to development, the plot that would later become Lodge 878 was undeveloped, and a stream called Horse Brook ran through the southern side of the lot, though this stream had ceased to run above ground by 1902. To accommodate the 200 ft width of Queens Boulevard, buildings along the route were demolished, and the future Lodge 878 lot was decreased in size in 1910.</p><br>
<p>The Elks, meanwhile, had been founded in 1868 as an all-white, all-male fraternal organization, growing rapidly in subsequent years. Lodge 878 was founded in 1903, and for its first 21 years, met at the Lodge 828 building at 21-42 44th Drive in Long Island City. Lodge 878 bought the plot at the southeast corner of Queens Boulevard and Simonson Street in 1921. The Elmhurst location was chosen after extensive discussion. Elks from Jamaica, Richmond Hill, and Woodhaven favored a location in Forest Hills, while Elks from Long Island City and Long Island&#39;s North Shore advocated for the Elmhurst location.</p><br>
<p>The cornerstone of the Lodge 878 building was laid on October 6, 1923. To celebrate the groundbreaking and Lodge 878s twentieth anniversary, a parade of almost 300 automobiles carrying 1,500 people drove down Queens Boulevard from Long Island City to the Lodge 878 site. The Ballinger Company had designed plans for the main building and annexs construction, while the McIntee Construction Company was contracted to erect the building. It had ultimately cost $750,000 (equivalent to $ million in ). Upon completion, it ranked as the Eastern United States&#39; largest Elks Lodge.</p><br>
<h3>Elks use</h3><br>
<p>Lodge 878 originally had a kitchen behind the main building, measuring 21.67 by. Sidney L. Strauss, a lodge member, was instead hired to design the three-story rear addition, replacing the single-story kitchen. Babor-Comeau and Company constructed the addition, which was finished in 1930.</p><br>
<p>During the mid-20th century, Lodge 878 was influential in Queens politics, with members of Lodge 878 representing both the Democratic and Republican parties. The New York Times said that "If you wanted a job in 1960&#39;s Queens, you came to the Elks." By the 1960s, Lodge 878 had 6,600 members and 26 staff, with between 300 and 400 members attending the weekly meetings. Lodge 878 members were highly involved in charity; every year, Lodge 878 held a six-day Elks Bazaar in which it gave away up to 24 new cars. In addition, it was involved in arranging the funerals of its members.</p><br>
<p>Lodge 878 was reported in 1970 to have a membership of 4,093, making it New York states largest Elks Lodge. A Times reporter, visiting two years later, said that the lodge was among the largest in the United States, with 3,500 members according to the lodges executive secretary. However, Lodge 878 and the Elks as a whole suffered a major decline in membership in the late 20th century. Lodge 878 lost about 90% of its members between 1975 and 2001. This was despite the fact that people of other races were allowed to join the Elks in 1973, and women were able to gain membership in 1995.</p><br>
<h3>Decline and sale</h3><br>
<p>After the annual property taxes on the building increased from $35,000 in 1990 to $86,000 in 1995, the Elks placed the Lodge 878 building for sale. Its membership had declined to about 900; the weekly meetings had been cut back to biweekly meetings, and attendance had declined to 50. The annual car raffle had been canceled in 1985 after only a single car was offered at the raffle. Elmhursts population had changed dramatically from 1980 to 1990; during that time, the white population had declined by 40%, while the Asian population had doubled and overtaken the white population in Elmhurst. Lodge 878s membership was still mostly white and male in 1995; the lodges treasurer stated that the neighborhoods more recent residents, who were predominantly immigrants, had not shown interest in the Elks. The New York Times described the lodge later that year as "an anachronism with an all-white membership that has failed to attract minorities". One of the Elks&#39; problems was that, even though one prerequisite for membership was USA citizenship, an increasing number of Queens residents were not USA citizens.</p><br>
<p>The lodge started to rent out its facilities for celebrations such as Chinese weddings and Latin American quinceañeras. and the ROH One Year Anniversary Show in 2003. The building was also rented for film and TV shows. Despite the revenue from renting out the building, Lodge 878 was barely able to make a profit.</p><br>
<p>In 2000, the Elks began negotiating with the New Life Fellowship Church to sell the main building because the Elks were unable to pay a $60,000 tax bill for the building. During the sale negotiations, the Elks stipulated that they wished to keep occupying the building&#39;s first floor for 99 years without paying rent.</p><br>
<h2>Critical reception and landmark designations</h2><br>
<p>Upon its completion, the Lodge 878 building received critical acclaim. The new building won the Queens Chamber of Commerces Annual Building Award for 1925. In the September 1926 edition of Architectural Forum, which had a series of three article on the buildings of fraternal organizations, the buildings elk statue was depicted on the first page of the three-article series. The series&#39; last article praised the Ballinger Company as having "carried out, brilliantly and effectively, an adaptation of the highly decorative style of the ancient Maya builders of Central America."</p><br>
<p>The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the main building as a landmark on August 4, 2001, acknowledging its importance to Queens politics and making it the first Elks Lodge in the city to be an official city landmark. Neither the annex nor the rear addition were designated as city landmarks.</p><br>
<p>The Church-in-the-Gardens, also known as Community Congregational Christian Church, is a historic Congregational church complex located in Forest Hills, Queens, New York. The complex includes the church , Community House , and Parish Hall  connected by breezeways and a separate parsonage . The buildings are all in an eclectic Tudor Revival style. The church was designed by architect Grosvenor Atterbury and is a rectangular building with a prominent tower and attached bell tower. The congregation joined the United Church of Christ in May 2012.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>Springdale Farm is a historic farm property on Horseback Road in Burnham, Maine. The 100 acre farm property includes a virtually intact 1870s farm complex with a period connected farmhouse and barn. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Springdale farm is located in eastern Burnham, a rural community in northwestern Waldo County. The farm&#39;s current size is 100 acre, down from a reported maximum of 600 acre, consisting of about 60 acre of cleared land, and the balance in woodland. The farm complex is located on the east side of Horseback Road, about 0.5 mi south of Troy Road. The connected complex is arrayed with the house at the southern end, with ells extending north to the barn. Secondary farm buildings stand north and east of the barn, and there is summer sleeping house south of the main house. The house has an Italianate exterior, with a bracketed entry hood, and bay windows with paneled corner boards and skirting. The interior of the main house has been completely modernized; the attached ell retains some 19th-century features.</p><br>
<p>The early settlement history of the property is uncertain; an 1859 map of the area shows a house standing, ownership attributed to C. Reynolds. The present house is stylistically from a later period, and was probably built about 1870, along with the barn. The barn is built of hand-hewn timbers, and is unusual for its purlin roof framing, which is not normally found on barns this large. The farm property remained in the hands of members of the Reynolds family until 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Simpsonville Stone Arch Bridge is a historic stone arch bridge, carrying Vermont Route 35 across Simpson Brook, north of the village of Townshend, Vermont. Built about 1909, it is one of a few surviving bridges in the region built by local mason James Otis Follett. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Simpsonville Bridge is located on Grafton Road (Vermont Route 35) about 2 mi north of the village of Townshend, spanning Simpson Brook just east of the junction with Simpson Brook Road. The bridge is built out of rough-cut and roughly-course granite blocks, now mortared with a variety of materials. The arch has a span of 18 ft and a height above the brook of about 6 ft. The stone portion of the structure has a total length of about 20 ft. The wing walls obscure portions of the arch, including its spandrels and abutments The bridge has been widened by the addition of steel culverts to both sides, further obscuring the original structure. The bridge is topped by a gravel base and paved roadway, and has a total width of 35 ft, including the culvert extensions.</p><br>
<p>This bridge is one of more than about 40 built in Towshend and other nearby communities by James Otis Follett, a local mason. Of thirteen bridges built by Follett in Townshend, only six survived when this bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. Follett&#39;s entire opus is distinctive, as it was produced at a time when most bridges were built with iron and steel. This appears to have been one of the last he built before his death in 1911.</p><br>
<p>The Lemay House was a historic house at 305 South Cypress Street in Beebe, Arkansas. It was an L-shaped single story wood-frame structure, built about 1890, and was one of White County&#39;s best-preserved vernacular residences from that time period. It retained original trim elements and period windows, including jigsawn brackets and turned porch posts.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. It has been listed as destroyed in the Arkansas Preservation Program&#39;s database, and was delisted in 2018.</p><br>
<p>The Letona Hotel is a historic former hotel building , between North Hotel and North Spain Streets, just north of Arkansas Highway 310 in Letona, Arkansas. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a hip roof and novelty siding. A two-level porch extends across its eastern facade, supported by square posts. Built about 1910, it is a surviving reminder of the time when Letona was a major lumber shipment point on the Missouri and North Arkansas Railroad.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The Lightle House is a historic house on County Road 76 in White County, Arkansas, just north of the Searcy city limits. It is a single story wood-frame structure, with a side gable roof, a shed-roof porch across the front, and a central chimney. An addition extends to the rear, giving it a T shape, with a second chimney projecting from that section. Built about 1920, it is the county&#39;s only known surviving example of a saddlebag house.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Prospect Heights Housing Project is a historic public housing complex at 560 Prospect Street in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. The project consists of 35 brick-faced two-story rowhouses, each containing between 6 and 10 units, and a single-story brick administration building, set on 21 acre in the southern part of the city. The complex was developed in 1941–42, with funding assistance from the United States Housing Authority, a New Deal-era housing initiative of the federal government. It is the one of two complexes of this type in the city, and has only seen relatively minor alterations.</p><br>
<p>The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>Cliffwood Hall, formerly Clifton Town Hall, is a historic municipal and social meeting hall at 15 Rebel Hill Road in Clifton, Maine. Built in 1892, it was for nearly 90 years the towns town hall, and one of its principal social meeting venues. It is now home to the Clifton Historical Societys museum collection and is known as the Clifton Town Hall Museum. The Society also operates the Harold Allan Schoolhouse.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Cliffwood Hall is located on the southwest side of Rebel Hill Road (Maine State Route 180), a short way south of its junction with Maine State Route 9. It stands next to the Harold Allan Schoolhouse, also owned by the local historical society. The hall is a two-story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof, clapboard siding, granite foundation, and modest Italianate styling. The front facade is symmetrical, with a central double door sheltered by a bracketed shelf, and single sash windows on either side. Above the doors are a pair of tall sash windows, flanked on the side bays by single tall windows, and there are a pair of normal-height sash windows in the attic level. The windows are all topped by projecting cornices. The downstairs of the interior has an entry vestibule, kitchen, and main hall, the latter now housing museum exhibits that include the old town hearse. The upstairs of the hall is unfinished except for its pine floor.</p><br>
<p>The hall was built in 1892 by a group of local residents as a venue for social and cultural events. It was purchased in 1899 by the town, and was used until 1899 as its town hall, housing town offices and hosting town meetings and a polling place. The building was turned over to the Clifton Historical Society in 1999, and has house its museum there since then.</p><br>
<p>The Stephen Longfellow House is a historic house on Longfellow Road in Gorham, Maine. It was built in 1761, and was bought in 1775 by Stephen Longfellow, the great-grandfather of poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and contains one of the state&#39;s finest Georgian interiors. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Longfellow house is located in a rural area of eastern Gorham, on the north side of Longfellow Road, opposite its junction with Dragonfly Lane. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a side-gable roof, central chimney, clapboarded exterior, and granite foundation. Its main facade is five bays wide, with a center entrance flanked by pilasters and topped by a gabled pediment. A single-story ell extends to the northeast. The house interior is laid out in a typical center-chimney plan, with the front parlors feature carved paneling on the walls, and the center stairway featuring finely carved newel posts and an elegant handrail.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1761, and was purchased in 1775 by Stephen Longfellow after his Portland home was destroyed by British military forces in the Burning of Falmouth. His son, Stephen Jr., was trained as a lawyer, and was active in the towns civic affairs, and also served as a trustee of the Gorham Academy and Bowdoin College. It is known that a young Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was a visitor to what was then his grandfathers farm.</p><br>
<p>The Samuel Gilbert Smith Farmstead is a historic farm property at 375 Orchard Street in Brattleboro, Vermont. The present 20 acre property includes a well-preserved 1870s-era connected farmstead and other 19th-century landscape features. Associated with the property are a well-documented history of the transformations the property has undergone since its 18th-century origins. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Samuel Gilbert Smith Farmstead is located in a rural area of northern Brattleboro, on the east side of Orchard Street. The property now consists of 20 acre, although the farm originally associated with the property was 1,000 acre in the 18th century. The farmstead sits on land that has open fields lined with stone walls, original 19th-century wells, and a partially lined streambed that passes through the property. The farmstead has a main house block, to which are connected a kitchen ell, equipment shed, and barn. All of these elements date to about 1870, and have vernacular style. The house is 1-1/2 stories in height, with a side gable roof and a pair of gabled wall dormers.</p><br>
<p>The farms origins date to 1767, when Dr. Henry Wells was granted 1000 acres on what was then known as Meeting House Hill. His acreage provided some of the earliest civic parcels in Brattleboro, including its first cemetery, town common, and meeting house site. The towns economic development, however, took place along its streams and rivers, and the area soon declined in importance. From 1801 to 1815, the farm (then about 150 acre) was owned by Royall Tyler, an early American playwright and Vermont jurist, who left a detailed description of the property from that time, when it had an older detached farm complex. In 1850 half of the farm passed to Samuel Gilbert Smith, who c. 1870 tore down the old farmstead and built the present connected one.</p><br>
<p>The Carver Gymnasium is a historic school building at 400 Ferguson Street in Lonoke, Arkansas.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Carver Gymnasium is a vernacular single-story structure, built out of concrete blocks and capped by a gabled metal roof. The gable ends are clad in metal siding, and there are irregularly spaced awning windows on the walls. It was built in 1957 for the Carver School, the segregated facility serving Lonokes African-American students, and is its last surviving building. After the citys schools were integrated in 1970, the school complex served as its junior high school, and was vacated by the school system in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>The Lonoke Confederate Monument is located in central downtown Lonoke, Arkansas, on the grounds of the Lonoke County Courthouse. It is a marble depiction of a Confederate Army soldier, 6 ft in height, mounted on a square columnar base almost 15 ft tall. The soldier holds a rifle, its butt resting on the ground, and carries a bedroll. He has a belt on which there are a canteen and bayonet. The statue was commissioned by the local chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and was unveiled in 1910.</p><br>
<p>The monument was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>The Todd House is a historic house at 11 Capen Avenue in Eastport, Maine. Built about 1781, it is believed to be the city&#39;s oldest surviving building. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It now houses a bed and breakfast inn.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Todd House stands at the northeast corner of Capen Avenue and Water Street, north of the city center, and overlooking the St. Croix River. It is a -story wood-frame Cape style house, five bays wide, with a side-gable roof, central chimney, clapboard siding, and stone foundation. Its south-facing facade is symmetrical, with the front entrance topped by a transom window. Inside, it follows a typical center-chimney plan, with a narrow vestibule in front of the chimney that also has a winding stair to the attic level, and parlor spaces on either side. A single-story ell extends to the rear of the building.</p><br>
<p>The house&#39;s exact construction date is unknown; it is assumed to be the single house located on Moose Island on a 1781 navigational chart. Its earliest recorded owner is John C. Todd. Moose Island (where most of Eastport is located) was first settled in 1772 by fishermen. In 1801, the house was adapted for use by the newly formed local Masonic lodge, using the attic-level space as a meeting hall. When Eastport was occupied by British forces during the War of 1812, some of their officers were quartered here. Returned in 1818, it continued to be used by the Masons until 1887, when they moved to a purpose-built hall.</p><br>
<p>Mallett Hall is the town hall of Pownal, Maine. It is an architecturally distinctive Colonial Revival building, constructed in 1886 in the crossroads village of Pownal Center. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991 for its architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Mallett Hall is located on the east side of Hallowell Road (Maine State Route 9), just north of its junction with Dyer Road and south of Bradbury Mountain State Park. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gable roof, clapboard siding, and a granite foundation. It has a symmetrical front facade, with a slightly projecting central bay flanked by window bays. The centrally-located entrance is a double door flanked by pilasters and topped by a transom window and gabled pediment, and there is a tall Palladian window on the second level above. The projection is capped by a pedimented gable (echoing in proportions the main gable, which is also pedimented) with an inset half-round window. The interior&#39;s most elaborate feature is a freestanding central staircase, which is flanked by office spaces, and leads to the second-floor auditorium. A smaller meeting space is located behind it on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>The hall was built in 1886, and is one of the small rural community&#39;s most architecturally sophisticated buildings; its architect is not known, but may be Portland architect Francis Fassett. In addition to housing town offices and functions, it has also served as a community center, hosting social events. The hall is named for Edmund Mallett, a Freeport businessman who donated $1,200 for its construction, conditioned on public use of the auditorium.</p><br>
<p>Eleventh Street Methodist Episcopal Chapel, also known as the Peoples Home Church and Settlement, Russian Ukrainian Polish Pentecostal Church, and Fathers Heart Ministry Center, is a historic Methodist Episcopal chapel located in the East Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The chapel was built in 1868–1869, and is a raised two-story, three-bay, gable front brick building. Originally constructed in a vernacular Gothic Revival style, it was altered between 1900 and 1901 in the Colonial Revival style. Associated with the chapel is the former rectory. It was built about 1856 as a four-story, three-bay single family dwelling in a vernacular Greek Revival style. The rectory was converted to a settlement house in 1900–1901.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>Hotel Albert, also known as The Albert and Albert Apartments, is a historic hotel and apartment complex located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The hotel was noted for being popular among artists, musicians, writers, and political radicals. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Albert began with three row houses at 32-36 East 11th Street, off of University Place, which were turned into the St. Stephen Hotel in 1876&ndash;1877 to designs by James Irving Howard. The owner, Albert S. Rosenbaum, then commissioned architect Henry Janeway Hardenbergh to build 24 "French flats" (luxury apartments) between the hotel and University Place. Completed in 1883, they were converted into the Hotel Albert in 1886&ndash;1887. An additional story was added in 1891, and the two hotels merged in the mid-1890s. In 1903&ndash;1904, a 12-story building was added to the south at 67 University Place, designed by Buchman & Fox, and in 1922&ndash;1924 a six-story building on the corner at 23 East 10th Street, designed by William L. Bottomley and Sugarman, Hess & Berger, while the St. Stephen was given an entirely new facade in the 1920s, and let go for commercial lease. In 1977 the entire complex, including the St. Stephen, was converted to rental apartments as The Albert. It was then converted to a co-op in 1984.</p><br>
<p>In 2009, the co-op board of The Albert commissioned historian Anthony W. Robins to research the history of the buildings.</p><br>
<p>116 John Street is a historic office tower at the southwest corner of John Street and Pearl Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It was built in 1931, and is a 35-story brick and terra cotta building consisting of a three-story base, a 19-story shaft, and 12 upper stories that recede in a series of setbacks. The building features Art Deco style design elements at the recessed entrances and in the lobby. Built as a speculative office building for insurance companies, the building interior was rehabilitated in 2013 and some floors converted to apartments.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.</p><br>
<p>The Washington C. Wear House is a historic house located south of Princeville, Peoria County, Illinois. Washington C. Wear, a farmer from Ohio, had the house built in 1870. The house has an Italianate design which a local architectural survey regarded as one of the best examples of the style in rural Peoria County. The two-story projecting front entrance includes a porch with square posts, an arched doorway and paired second-story windows, and a gabled pediment at the top. The house&#39;s windows are tall and narrow with bracketed hoods. The hip roof atop the house features wide eaves and paired brackets along the cornice.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 19, 1993.</p><br>
<p>The South Newfane Bridge is a historic bridge, carrying Parish Hill Road across the Rock River in the village of South Newfane, Vermont. It is a Pratt through truss span, manufactured from rolled I-beams in 1939 to replace a bridge washed away in flooding. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Rock River is an east-flowing tributary of the West River in southeastern Vermont. It runs across southern Newfane, where the village of South Newfane is located roughly midway across the width of the town. The South Newfane Bridge spans the river in a north–south direction, connecting Dover Road on the south side to Deer Hill Road, Chapin Road, and Parish Hill Road on the north side. The bridge is a single span metal Pratt through truss, 149 ft long, with a roadway width of 13.8 ft and a portal clearance of 15 ft. The bridge is set on concrete abutments. The trusses are built primarily out of steel I-beams, which have been fastened together using bolts. A truss system supports a wooden road bed, and guard rails are bolted to the trusses.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was built in 1939, following flooding that washed away the previous bridge at the site. It was funded from a combination of local, state, and federal sources, including Works Progress Administration funds. The use of I-beams in its construction marked an evolution in bridge construction after the state&#39;s devastating 1927 floods: the I-beams were less expensive, but added weight to the structure over earlier materials.</p><br>
<p>The Lightle House was a historic house at 107 North Elm Street in Searcy, Arkansas. It was a two-story wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof, stuccoed wood shingle exterior, and a foundation of brick piers. It exhibited a combination of Craftsman and Colonial Revival elements, and was built in 1918. It was considered one of the city&#39;s finest examples of Colonial Revival architecture.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. It has been listed as destroyed in the Arkansas Historic Preservation Program database, and was delisted in 2018.</p><br>
<p>The Ben Lightle House is a historic house at North Locust and East Market streets in Searcy, Arkansas. It is a two-story wood-frame structure, with a variety of porches and projecting sections typical of the Queen Anne period. One of its porches has decorative turned posts and spindled balustrades. Built in 1898, it is one of the best-preserved surviving vernacular Queen Anne Victorians in White County.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The William H. Lightle House is a historic house at 601 East Race Street in Searcy, Arkansas. It is a roughly L-shaped -story wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof, weatherboard siding, and brick foundation. It has vernacular Italianate styling, with tall and narrow segmented-arch windows, and a shed-roof porch supported by square posts set on pedestal bases. The house was built in 1881 for a prominent local businessman, and is one of the county&#39;s few Italianate residences.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The Bell Covered Bridge is a historic wooden covered bridge in rural Washington County, Ohio, United States. One of several such bridges in the region built by the same man, it remained open to traffic with the exception of periodic repairs, until it was permanently closed on September 12, 2022, and it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<p>Located near the community of Barlow in Barlow Township, the bridge carries the gravel Bell Road over Falls Creek, a southwestern tributary of Wolf Creek. Surrounded by woods, the bridge lies adjacent to the farm once owned by the namesake Bell family, and the surrounding countryside is a mixture of forests and agricultural fields. The builder was E.B. Henderson, who was responsible for four bridges in the area: the Blackwood Covered Bridge (1879), the Shinn Covered Bridge (1886), the Bell Covered Bridge (1888), and the Henry Covered Bridge (1894). Like two of the other three, the Bell is a multiple king post truss design, which became popular nationwide following its use on the National Road in a past version of the Y-bridge in Zanesville to the north. An ordinary gable-roofed bridge with windows just below the roofline, the bridge spans 59 ft; the deck is approximately 18 ft wide, with 15 ft of interior width, and the 11 ft height permits slightly more than 9 ft of interior clearance. It rests on abutments built of sandstone, quarried locally, while the roof is made of tin. The abutments are similar, with their faces underlying the bridge decks and wing walls to the side.</p><br>
<p>Officials twice closed the bridge for extensive repairs: structural problems prompted a 1998 closure, during which stones in the abutment were replaced, the truss system solidified, and missing or damaged components replaced with identical newly produced components, and a 2005 closure to fix damage caused by termites. With those exceptions, the bridge remained open continuously since its construction through September 12, 2022. On September 12, 2022, the bridge was permanently closed and a bypass was built by contractors under the direction of Washington County officials. The bypass opened on November 14, 2022.</p><br>
<p>In late 2012, the Bell Covered Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying as a historically significant example of local engineering. It is one of seven covered bridges on the National Register in Washington County, along with Henderson&#39;s Shinn Bridge and the Harra, Hildreth, Hune, Rinard, and Root Bridges.</p><br>
